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BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY AND NIGER-DELTA CRISIS: A WAY FORWARD TO A SECURED NIGERIAN-NATION
Abstract
Nigeria is a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic and multi-religious country. Since independence in 1960, ethno-religious and communal conflicts have remained the legacies bequeathed by the long British and military rules to the Nigerian state. The beginning of the Niger-Delta crisis and Boko Haram insurgency saw a different look into the demands of the different groups and tribes in the nation but later turned into real upsurge and ethno-religious wars. This paper examines the origins, similarities and effects of these conflicts on the socio-economic and political spheres of the nation. Using frustration-aggression theory, the study navigates through the background of these crises with a view to suggesting workable solutions to curb them. A survey was carried out using electronic means of data collection in twelve (12) local government areas of Edo, Ondo, Delta, Bayelsa, Borno and Yobe states considered to be very vulnerable to these crises. Simple percentage method was adopted for the analysis of the data collected for easy understanding of the study. However, loss of lives, loss of property, permanent disabilities, mental imbalances, high cost renovation, loss of revenue and others have been identified as the major effects of these conflicts to the socio-economic sector of the nation. As part of its recommendations, adequate compensation should be given to the affected areas in Niger-Delta for the oil-spillage and damages to avert future agitations and the government should also consider constant dialogue with the Northern leadership in order to further forestall future insurgency in the area.
Keywords: National Security, Boko Haram Insurgency, Niger-Delta Crisis, Solutions, Nigeria.