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INFLUENCE OF HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SS3 STUDENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Environment and heredity have been considered two key factors that influence learning. Learning environment is critical in sound teaching and learning process. Review of literature shows that Internal and external environment affect learning to a greater extent. Besides environment, heredity/genetic factor has also been found to have some influence on human behavior. This article briefly discusses these factors and their influence on learning.
Childhood learning and literacy in general is dependent upon both prerequisites in the individual and the environment where this individual is growing up. Individual variations in the acquisition of literacy can of course depend upon cognitive and verbal ability as well as specific language difficulties such as articulatory and perceptual phonetic factors. In addition to this home environment plays a decisive role in the development of linguistic competence. In a home where the parents read for the child and where children’s questions are encouraged and responded to in an elaborated way the chances for a successful reading and writing competence are much better than in a linguistically deprived environment. Genetic factors also are influential since parents with reading and writing problems often get children with the same type of difficulties. Naturally it also works the other way around so that parents who are excellent readers and writers both genetically transfer this and show their children all the joys of being part of the world of letters and books. Also in intellectually proficient families there are children at risk of developing reading and writing difficulties. The parents could be too occupied to notice the need of stimulation in their child. Resources of the school might be insufficient in areas where most of the children are expected to read and write without problems, and the child might feel different and stupid in comparison to the classmates. In addition to this there are substantial differences in physical maturation between boys and girls contributing to the boys having more difficulties in young ages to adapt to the traditional school system. This might increase the number of boys being referred to special education.
· Influence of Environment on Learning
- Statement of the problem
There may have been previous researches in this subject. This work gives further explanations and analysis in the influence of heredity and environment on academic performance of secondary school students in nigeria
- Objectives of the study
1.To understand the impact of heredity and environment on academic performance of undergraduates
- To understand the relationship between heredity, environment and academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria
1.4Research questions
- What is the impact of heredity and environment on academic performance of undergraduates
- What is the relationship between heredity, environment and academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria
- Research hypothesis
H0: There is no relationship between heredity, environment and academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria
H1: There is a relationship between heredity, environment and academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria
1.6 Definition of Terms
Learning
Myers(2001) defined learning as relatively permanent change in organism’s behaviour due to experience.
Ngaroga (2003) defined learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior which comes as a result of practice of an activity.
Blair-Broeker (2003) defined learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience.
Heredity
Ingule, Rono and Ndambuki (1996) defined heredity as child’s individual inheritance from his ancestral line.
Intelligence
According to Coon (2000) intelligence is an overall capacity to think rationally, act purposefully and deal effectively with the environment.
Stimulation
According to Ormrod (2009) stimulation is eagerly interacting with ones physical and social environment.
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