THE INFLUENCE OF NOLLYWOOD MOVIES ON CHILD AUDIENCE, USING TWO MOVIES AS CASE STUDIES)

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THE INFLUENCE OF NOLLYWOOD MOVIES ON CHILD AUDIENCE, USING TWO MOVIES AS CASE STUDIES)

ABSTRACT

This study find out how Nollywood movies influence children that watch them. The influence may be on the area of communication, behavior, beliefs and dressing code. The study employed multi-stage cluster sampling and one thousand four hundred and forty copies of the study questionnaire were given out to respondents. The study found out that children audience acquire bad behavior in watching Nollywood movies due to negative themes and actions of those movies. The study recommends that Parents are also urged to counsel and discipline their children to view only movies within their viewing category and if they must have access to these films, they should be view it wisely.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The value of home movies as a medium of mass communication is esteemed

all over the world. In Nigeria there are over one million audiences of home movies

films who are affected in one way or another especially children, by the actions show case in Nollywood movies. These movies portray message that have influence on the viewers, mostly, their taught, communication, behavior and mode of dressing.

Movies hold a very special place in the culture of a people and children in particular. “Movies, like books, are a culturally special medium…an important medium of cultural transmission. (Baran, 2009:75). According to Baran (2009); Daramola (2007), movies contribute to socialization and the transmission of culture. Research has shown that there exists a relationship between the movies and social ills and other behavoural and attitudinal change in the society. For instance, the movies are attributed considerable power to shape opinion and belief, change habits, and actively moulding behaviour and imposing political system even against resistance.

According to Kubey and Larson (2005),many concerns have been raised about the kinds of values and attitudes that may be inculcated by exposure to certain kinds of movies contents, especially enculturation and violence in them. The most important concern in the debate about violent film has been whether or not it promotes aggressive behavior among viewers most especially the young ones (Evra 1990). It is also observed that heavy exposure of children to screen violence can cause problems in other domains of social behavior of the youths.

Berkowitz (2001), the learning environments which a child is exposed to are also assumed to contribute to the increase of aggressive behaviors and attitudes as well as his inclinations to customs, values and norms of the society. The media, as one of the specific learning condition is believed to be a potential contributor to the growth of antisocial attitudes and behavior in children and teenagers (Ibid). While social scientists work on determining the major causation of violence, such as social environments, cultural factors, family instruction, and group membership parents, teachers, politicians and school administrators continue to blame the media for increased cultural alienation and attitudinal change among adolescents (Fraser and Staub, 1996).

It is imperative to mention that home movie influence the dressing pattern of children in the society. This is because, home movies are a mode of media transmission. In all of researches, the area of influence of movies appears to be the most contentious.

According to O’Rork (2006) and Wogu (2008) , children audiences are more likely to emulate models of behavior seen on the movies if they expect to receive gratification from emulating another person “… Behaviour is influenced not only by personal or live models but by those presented in the home movies”. (O’ Rork, 2006:72), analyses on influence of movies continue to show that the movies have influence on the pattern of behaviour of its children audience. (Uwakwe, 2010; Okunna, 1999 and Okoye 1993).

Okunna (1999), opines that because of their special power to affect the way children think, feel and behave, the home movies have been credited with incredible persuasive ability to change attitude and behaviour (1999:161). Culturally, this influence of movies could be in the area of language, behavioural response, pattern of eating and dressing. Since it has been established that film is a mass medium, it is proposed in this

study that the home movie genre, which is the Nigerian local or indigenous films have

This study utilizes the theory on influence of movies on pattern of behaviour and

attitude change and dressing pattern of children in Nigeria.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Nollywood movies have been accused of been portrayal of violence, and its adverse effect on the behaviors of Nigerian youths and the society at large are devastating. Hornby (2000), contends that some violent materials in movies include: Sex scenes, nudity, obscenity, vulgar language curses, indecent dresses, killings, murder, rape beating up

women, smoking, molestation and harassment. These are self-injurious in nature, and likely to affect the youths etc.

It is obvious that Nollywood to a very large extent contributes to violence in Nigeria. A worrisome aspect of these films is that none of the film-makers actively canvasses for the discouragement of the negative tendencies acted out on the screen. And

the failure by movie producers to make any strong comment against social ills is a short coming of the films that use violence in their messages. The implication is that such films rather than amelioring violent acts in the society tend to aggravate them, Folarin, (1999).

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1. To examine Nollywood movies and child audience.

2. To examine the influences of home movies viewing on children psycho-graphical attributes.

3. To find out how children perceive sexual contents in Nollywood movies.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION

1. Does Nollywood movies affect child audience?

2. Does home movies viewing influences children’s psycho-graphical attributes?

3. How do children perceive sexual contents in Nollywood movies?

1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

H0: Nollywood movies does not affect child audience.

H1: Nollywood movies affect child audience.

H0: Home movies viewing does not influences children’s psycho-graphical attributes.

H: Home movies viewing influences children’s psycho-graphical attributes.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

This study is relevant for the following reasons:

It will determine the type of influence that home movies have on the children audience and thus guide policy makers and regulatory agencies in providing protection against the production and exposure to movies that negate Nigeria’s cultural values.

The study will provide a framework for the fight against media and cultural imperialism where it is discovered that the home movie industry is serving as a stooge.

Finally, the study will be beneficial to children and home movies children because it will expose them to the theory on the influences that could be exerted via the movies.

1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study is on the influence of movies show that there are various behavioural and attitudinal influences that could be exerted by the home movies on children.

1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Despite the limited scope of this study certain constraints were encountered during the research of this project. Some of the constraints experienced by the researcher were given below:

i. TIME: This was a major constraint on the researcher during the period of the work. Considering the limited time given for this study, there was not much time to give this research the needed attention.

ii. FINANCE: Owing to the financial difficulty prevalent in the country and it’s resultant prices of commodities, transportation fares, research materials etc. The researcher did not find it easy meeting all his financial obligations.

iii. INFORMATION CONSTRAINTS: Nigerian researchers have never had it easy when it comes to obtaining necessary information relevant to their area of study from private business organization and even government agencies. Nation bureau and statistics finds it difficult to reveal their internal operations. The primary information was collected through face-to-face interview getting the published materials on this topic meant going from one library to other which was not easy. Although these problems placed limitations on the study, but it did not prevent the researcher from carrying out a detailed and comprehensive research work on the subject matter.

1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Home movies: This is any pre-recorded media films played and viewed by people

with their movie players in their homes or movie clubs. These films are viewed with

the aid of a TV set which is connected to the movie machine. They are recorded on

movie tape, disc or DVD.

Pattern of dressing: This is refers to the choice or type of dressing or clothing

preferred by a certain group of people.

Children: These are people between the age 1 to 16 years.

Influence: This is the impact some thing or someone has on something or some one

else. This could be positive or negative.

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