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ADOPTION OF IMPROVED MAIZE AND CASSAVA TECHNOLOGY PACKAGES BY FARMERS IN NKANU EAST AND WEST OF ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted in Nkanu East and West Local Government Areas of Enugu State, Nigeria, with the key objective to determine adoption of improved maize and cassava technology packages by farmers in the area. Data for the study were collected in 2008-2009 cropping season using 120 farmers randomly drawn from the two LGAs. The results on the main sources of information used by the farmers revealed that 84.40% of them used radio, while 73.69% of them used television. Households consisting of 6-10 persons per household constituted 63.33%, 51.67% of the respondents owned land of 1-3ha per farm household, while about 51.67% of them had between 8-14 years’ farming experience and 44.20% of the farmers belonged to 3-4 social organizations per person. Findings further showed that 52.50% of the farmers had only 3 times contact with extension agents in the preceding year of this study while 94.17% of the farmers listen to agricultural programmes on radio. Compatibility and complexity attributes received 72.50% and 81.67% affirmations respectively by the farmers. Between 2004-2005 and 2008 – 2009 seasons, awareness and adoption rates rose gradually from 7% – 28% while 84.17% of the respondents assented to having adopted the improved cultivars. Although Pearson product moment coefficient of correlation and regression results revealed that factors such as household size, farm size, group membership mass media exposure and extension contact, compatibility and complexity were related to adoption at p<.05 and p<.01, the major determinants of adoption were group membership, mass media exposure and compatibility at p<.05, while extension contact, farming experience and complexity were at p<.01. Effects of adoption on farmers’ production, income and perceived individual wellbeing showed increases from mean production level of 4.57 tonnes per ha before adoption to 5.16 tonnes per ha after adoption, mean income level from N13,875.41per ha before adoption to N16,412.92 per ha after adoption and mean scale value of contentment from 2.43 before adoption to 3.20 after adoption. Given that 91.67% of the farmers expressed dissatisfaction with lack of access to inorganic fertilizers, 75.00% of the respondents complained of lack of tractors for hiring and 62.50% of the farmers protested shortage of improved maize seeds and cassava stems, among others, the study recommends that a concerted effort be made by ENADEP and Enugu State Government to address the problems of the farmers in the area. Such intervention will no doubt enhance adoption potential of improved maize and cassava technology packages in the area and beyond.
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