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EFFECT OF Bradyrhizobium INOCULATION AND METHODS OF MOLYBDENUM APPLICATION ON GROWTH, NITROGEN FIXATION AND YIELD OF TWO SOYABEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) CULTIVARS
ABSTRACT
Field experiments were conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research Farm, Samaru, Zaria during the wet seasons of 1995 and 1996 to study the effect of Bradyrhizobium inoculation and methods of molybdenum application on two soyabean {Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars. The treatments consisted of two soyabean cultivars (SAMSOY-2 and TGx 1019-2EN), two methods of molybdenum application (seed treatment with 217-gMo/ha, foliar spray with 217g Mo/ha) and a no molybdenum control) and three levels of Bradyrhizobium inoculation (uninoculated, inoculation with Bradyrhizobium) strain IRJ 2184 and R.25B). Maize given no molybdenum, molybdenum as seed treatment and foliar spray was included as a reference crop. The twenty-one treatments of which three were reference treatments were arranged in all possible factorial combination in a randomized complete block design and replicated four times. Bradyrhizobium inoculation with strain R.25B isolated from the nodules of soyabean at Samaru increased nitrogen fixation. Leaf area and leaf area index were significantly increased by strain R.25B. Strain R.25B increased grain yield by 15%. Yield increases were as a result of higher pod weight per plant, number and weight of seeds per plant and one hundred seed weight. Strain IRJ 2184A isolated from nodules of soyabean plant at Ibadan proved to be ineffective. Molybdenum applied either as seed treatment or foliar spray significantly increased nitrogen fixation by 15% and 19% respectively. Also significantly increased were actual and relative uriede nitrogen, leaf dry weight, leaf area and leaf area index. Yield increases of 15% and 19% were obtained with the application of molybdenum as seed and foliar treatment respectively. This yield increase was as a result of higher number and weight of pods per plant, number and weight of seeds per plant and one hundred seed weight. When applied at the pre-bloom stage, foliar applied molybdenum was as effective as seed treatment. The shorter determinate SAMSOY-2 cultivar exhibited more vigorous vegetative growth in terms of leaf number and weight, leaf area and leaf area index than the taller indeterminate TGx 1019-2EN cultivar. SAMSOY-2 out yielded TGx 1019-2EN by 25%. Soyabean fixed between 37-115kgN/ha which was 24-92% of its total nitrogen
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