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EFFECT OF IRRIGATION INTERVAL AND PLANT DENSITY ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF TWO TOMATO (Lyeopersicon esculcntum Mill) CULTIVARS AT SAMARU, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
Field trials were conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research (I.A.R) farm Samaru, Zaria, during the 1994/95 and 1995/96 dry seasons to determine the response of two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) cultivars to varying irrigation interval and plant density. The treatments consisted of two tomato cultivars namely TI106 and TI 539, three irrigation intervals (5, 10 and 15 days) and three plant densities (27750, 55500 and 83250 plants/ha). These were arranged in a split-plot design in which the combinations of irrigation interval and plant density were allocated to the main plots while the varieties were assigned to sub plots and these were replicated three times. The result indicated that variety TI 106 was significantly superior to TI 539 in terms of all growth parameters, such as total fruit yield per hectare, fruit yield per plant, and proportion of unmarketable fruits. However, TI 539 has significantly larger fruits size than TI 106. Extension of irrigation interval from 5 to 15 days reduced growth and yield parameters measured on both trials. The proportion of unmarketable fruits was however significantly reduced by drier condition as the irrigation interval was extended from 5 to 15 days. The plant height, leaf area index and total yield per hectare responded positively to increasing plant density from 27750 to 83250 plants/ha although the differences between 5550 and 83250 plants/ha were not significant. But unlike the positive response of the plant height, leaf area index and total fruit yield/ha to increasing plant density and other growth and yield parameters responded negatively to increasing plant density beyond 27750 plants/ha. In the 1995/96 dry season trial, significant and positive correlation (P-0.01) was obseived between tomato total fruit yield/ha and growth and yield parameters tested, except with the exception of leaf area index
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