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STRUCTURE, CONDUCT AND PERFORMANCE OF DATE PALM MARKETING IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The study examined the structure, conduct and performance of date palm marketing using structured questionnaire administered to 112 randomly selected date palm traders in Katsina State. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, gini coefficient, concentration ratio, market margin and efficiency analysis, gross margin analysis and logit regression analysis. Two measures of concentration; Gini coefficient and Concetration ratio (CR4) were used to determine the structure of the market. The gini coefficient analysis showed that there is a high level of inequality in buyer/seller concentration among the importers (0.52), and retailers (0.56), and low concentration among the wholesalers (0.47), a concentration ratio of 38.8% indicated a weak oligopolistic structured market. The performance of the market was efficient and profitable, average marketing margin of 34.69/100kg bag with retailers in Daura having the highest margin 80.77/100kg bag. Daura market was more efficient (449.92%) than Jibia (336.85%) and Katsina (217.08%) markets. Gross margin of N653,973.45/week, rate of return of 1.45 and N9,693.75/week, rate of return of 1.21 were obtained as profitability measures of importers/wholesalers and retailers respectively. The transaction costs affecting the efficiency of the traders were the costs of transportation, loading/offloading, market charges, and storage facilities. Only the cost of loading/offloading was found to be significant (t<0.05) in the importer/wholesaler and pooled logit regression analysis, while all costs were not significant to the retailers. The three major problems of date palm traders were pest and insect infestation, lack of capital and market seasonality. Hence, the study recommended the provision of appropriate storage facilities, loans and physical market facilities in the area especially by the associations and formal credit institutions such as BOA, as well as increasing local production to produce marketable surpluses that will reduce the high rate of importation and all year round availability of fresh date palm fruit. The study also created awareness on the economic potentials of date palm marketing in katsina and the need for the state to record its level of date palm production.
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