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THE PERFORMANCE OF BARLEY VARIETIES(Hordeum vulgare L.)IN THE SUDAN SAVANNA ZONE OF NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
A field trial was conducted during the dry season 1983-84 at Kadawa in the Sudan Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria to evaluate the performance of 169 (80, 2-row and 89, 6-row) barley varieties. The trial was laid out in a 13 x 13 simple lattice design replicated twice. Each variety was hand-sown in four rows, 25cm apart using a seed rate of 100 kg/ha. The gross plot size was 5 x 1m and yield was assessed from the two central rows. Phosphorus was broadcast uniformly and worked into the seed-bed before harrowing at the rate of 40kg P205/ha in the form of single superphosphate (8.3% P). Nitrogen at the rate of 60 kg N/ha as urea was applied in two equal splits at planting and four weeks after planting. Plots were irrigated by gravitational method through siphon system and 60mm of water was applied to the plots at seven days interval. Two hand weedings were carried out at two and four weeks after planting. In 2-row species, plant height ranged from 50-84, 85-93 and 94-l27 cm for short, intermediate and tall plants, while the corresponding height in 6-rOw for the three groups mentioned above were 45-78, 82-92 and 93-118 cm. Entries were classified into short (80-89 days) medium (90-99) and long (mare than 100) duration, the relative per cent in each species was 29, 34, for short; 49 each for medium and 22, 17 in long duration varieties, for 2 2 and 6-row barley species, respectively* The 6-row barley produced significantly higher mean number of spikes per square metre (611.5) than 2-row barley with mean spikes per square metre of 593.3. Highest number of grains in a spike was recorded by EX-LCRI 3D and CI 15244 (35.5 and 27.7) in 6- and 2-row barley species, respectively. The 2-row barley produced significantly heavier grains than 6-row with their mean grain’ weight as 43.5 and 34.6g/1000 grains, respectively. In 2-row barley, the highest grain yield (6,611 kg/ha) was recorded by CI 16185 while it was (6,014 kglha) in 6-raw observed in EX-LCRI 22. The grain yield of 2-row standard variety, Ketch, was 4,198 kg/ha. The mean grain protein content was 8.91 and 8.40% in 2- and 6-row barley species, respectively. The grain crude protein content ranged from 4.62 to 15.54% and 5.04 to 13.86% in 2- and 6-row barleys. Yield was highly associated with all the yield components as evinced in the coefficients of correlation which were positive and highly significant in both 2- and 6-row barley species.
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