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BIOLOGY TREATMENT AS A SUSTAINABLE OPTION FOR URBAN DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT
Abstract
This work discusses biology treatment as a sustainable option for urban domestic waste water treatment.
In order to develop sustainable wastewater treatment it is needed to view the wastewater treatment systems in a broad sense. In addition to cost and treatment performance energy aspects, recycling and social issues are important when evaluating sustainability of a wastewater treatment system and selecting an appropriate system for a given condition. This requires a multidisciplinary approach where engineers cooperate with social scientists, economists, biologists, health officials and the public. Wastewater contains organic matter and the three main nutrients for plant production: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Theoretically speaking, the nutrients in domestic wastewater and organic household waste are nearly sufficient to produce enough food for the world population. Nitrogen fertilizer is energy consuming to produce and phosphorus is a limited mineral resource. Recycling and energy aspects are thus important factors of sustainable system design. Scandinavia is pioneering sustainable solutions to wastewater treatment. Energy efficient moving bed reactors are developed for tertiary treatment in traditional “end of pipe” wastewater collection and treatment systems. A variety of watersaving and urine diverting toilets can nearly halve water consumption. Toilet waste (blackwater) or urin can be collected separately. Cotreatment of blackwater and organic household waste yield both energy and hygienic fertilizer and handles all organic waste from the household in one waste stream. Water from showers, sinks and kitchen (greywater) can be treated in a variety of systems. Treated greywater is suitable for irrigation, groundwater recharge or as a source of potable water production. Utilizing the latter more than 90% water saving is possible. Source separation (blackwater/greywater) systems produce near zero emissions and open up for exiting urban applications.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
References
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