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EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND INTRA-ROW PLANT SPACING ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.)
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted under irrigation at the Institute for Agricultural Research (I.A.R), Ahmadu Hello University. Samaru, Zaria during 1993/94 (November-April) dry season to study the response of garlic {Allium sativum I..) to different levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80 and I20kg/ha) and intra-row spacing (5×10, 10×10 and 15x10cm). Application of nitrogen significantly increased plant height, number oi’ leaves/plant, fresh and dry leaf weight, fresh and dry bulb weight, % bolters, bulb diameter, number of cloves and total bulb yield/ha with optimum values at 40kg/ha rates of N. The number of days to crop maturity, dry matter contents of bulb and average weight per clove were, however, reduced by N application. Increasing intra-row plant spacing from 5x10cm to 15x10cm significantly increased leaf fresh and dry weights between 6 to 15 weeks after planting (WAP), the mean weight/bulb at 15WAP, % bolters, bulb diameter, mean fresh weight of mature bulb, number of cloves/bulb and bulb yield/ha. However, spacing had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves per plant, dry bulb weight between 6-15 WAP. days to crop maturity, bulb dry mallei- content and mean weight/clove. The interaelion of nitrogen and spacing was significant on number of leaves/plant, bulb diameter, mature bulb weight and number of cloves per bulb which were maximized by the combination of 80kgN/ha with 15x10cm, while the effect of these treatments on yield was optimum at N rate of 40kg/ha plus intra-row spacing of 5x10cm or 10x10cm depending on the quality of the crop needed.
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