EFFECTS OF REFUSE DUMP COMPOST AND POULTRY MANURE ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF AMARANTHUS HYBRIDUS

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EFFECTS OF REFUSE DUMP COMPOST AND POULTRY MANURE ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF AMARANTHUS HYBRIDUS

Abstract

The increasing need for sustainable agricultural practices has led to the exploration of organic fertilizers like refuse dump compost and poultry manure to improve soil fertility and enhance crop yield. This study investigates the effects of refuse dump compost and poultry manure on the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus (commonly known as spinach). The research evaluates the impact of these organic fertilizers on key growth parameters such as plant height, leaf number, leaf area, and overall biomass yield.

A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used, involving treatments of refuse dump compost, poultry manure, and a control (no organic amendment), with three replicates each. Data were collected at different growth stages to assess the fertilizers’ influence on plant performance.

The findings indicate that both refuse dump compost and poultry manure significantly improved the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus compared to the control. Poultry manure had a more pronounced effect on plant height, leaf number, and biomass production than refuse dump compost. This study underscores the importance of organic fertilizers in promoting sustainable agriculture and provides insights for farmers on the best practices for enhancing crop production.

Key terms: refuse dump compost, poultry manure, Amaranthus hybridus, organic fertilizer, sustainable agriculture, crop yield.

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

The growing demand for food in many parts of the world, including Nigeria, calls for effective and sustainable agricultural practices. The use of chemical fertilizers has been a common approach to improving soil fertility and enhancing crop yield. However, concerns over the environmental impact, cost, and long-term soil degradation have driven interest in organic alternatives. Organic fertilizers, such as refuse dump compost and poultry manure, are increasingly being promoted as sustainable options for improving soil structure, nutrient availability, and crop productivity.

Amaranthus hybridus, a leafy vegetable widely cultivated for its high nutritional value, plays a critical role in the diets of many Nigerian households. The crop is fast-growing and adaptable to various climatic conditions, making it an important source of income for smallholder farmers. However, maintaining optimal growth and yield remains a challenge due to soil fertility issues, prompting the need for effective organic fertilizers.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of refuse dump compost and poultry manure on the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus. The research will provide insights into how these organic amendments influence key growth parameters and overall crop performance, contributing to the promotion of sustainable farming practices.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Declining soil fertility is a major concern for farmers cultivating Amaranthus hybridus, as it directly affects crop yield and profitability. While chemical fertilizers offer a solution, their high cost and adverse environmental effects limit their long-term use. Organic alternatives, such as refuse dump compost and poultry manure, are readily available and eco-friendly, yet there is limited research on their specific impacts on Amaranthus hybridus growth and yield.

The lack of adequate information on the most effective organic fertilizer for Amaranthus hybridus cultivation in Nigeria has left farmers unsure of the best practices for enhancing productivity. This study seeks to bridge this knowledge gap by investigating the comparative effects of refuse dump compost and poultry manure on Amaranthus hybridus, providing valuable data for farmers and agricultural practitioners.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of this study are as follows:

To evaluate the effects of refuse dump compost on the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus.

To assess the impact of poultry manure on the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus.

To compare the effectiveness of refuse dump compost and poultry manure in enhancing the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus.

To provide recommendations on the best organic fertilizer for sustainable cultivation of Amaranthus hybridus.

1.4 Research Questions

This study aims to answer the following questions:

What is the effect of refuse dump compost on the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus?

How does poultry manure influence the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus?

Which organic fertilizer is more effective in promoting the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus—refuse dump compost or poultry manure?

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will provide farmers, agricultural extension workers, and researchers with critical information on the effects of organic fertilizers on Amaranthus hybridus. It will promote the use of sustainable agricultural practices and contribute to improving food security by enhancing vegetable production. The findings will also serve as a reference for future research on organic fertilizers and sustainable farming.

1.6 Scope of the Study

This study focuses on evaluating the effects of refuse dump compost and poultry manure on the growth and yield of Amaranthus hybridus. The research will be conducted in a field setting, using growth parameters such as plant height, leaf number, leaf area, and biomass yield to assess crop performance.

1.7 Definition of Terms

Refuse Dump Compost: Decomposed organic material derived from municipal solid waste, typically used as a soil amendment.

Poultry Manure: Organic fertilizer composed of the excreta from poultry birds, rich in nitrogen and other essential nutrients.

Amaranthus hybridus: A leafy vegetable known for its nutritional value, commonly grown in many parts of Nigeria.

Organic Fertilizer: Natural substances derived from animal or plant sources that are used to improve soil fertility and crop yield.

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