TRENDS IN THE DROPOUT RATE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY EDUCATION IN OBIO AKPOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE

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TRENDS IN THE DROPOUT RATE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY EDUCATION IN OBIO AKPOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

The meaning of education cannot be definite as it means different things to different people depending on their perception. There are cases where education is simply taken to mean “knowledge, Enlightenment, or “Wisdom”. No wonder one hears such expressions as “you are not enlightened “ to refer to the person that behaves differently from the norms of those who have been to school and so are hence “ the educated ”, “ the enlightened” or “ the wise ones”. It therefore lingers in controversy to adequately describe a person that has not attended a formal school system as uneducated.

Education could be defined as the process of teaching, training and learning in schools and colleges for the development of knowledge and skills so as to prepare individuals to live happily with themselves and others in the society where they live. Nwagwu (1976), defined education is the process by which every society attempts to preserve and upgrade the accumulated knowledge, skills and attitudes in its cultural setting and heritage in order to foster continuously the wellbeing of mankind and guarantee its survival against the unpredictable, at times hostile and destructive elements and forces of man and nature”. However, the focus of education is to imbue the individuals with the knowledge abilities, skills or behavior to enable them function in their immediate environment and the society at large.

From the definitions above, it is clear that education is the weapon of man or a society to war against destructive elements of man and nature. Hence, it is pertinent that a group of people bounded by a territorial boundary such as Nigeria should ensure that its educational goals are properly set and attained to make it abreast of educational developments among the committee of nations so that it will not be relegated to the background. Of importance among the usefulness of education, is its strategic position as the bedrock of technological and economic development of nations as the development of a nation is likely the output of efficient and well-developed educational system.

Education is the process through which individuals are made functional members of their society. It is a process through which the young acquires knowledge and realizes his/her potentialities and uses them for self actualization and become useful to himself/ herself and others.

Education is one of the fundamental rights of individuals. Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in December, 1949 stipulated that:

i. Everyone has the right to education. This shall be free at least in the elementary and primary stages.

ii. Elementary education shall be compulsory while technical and professional education shall be made generally available. iii. Higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

Reasons why everyone should have access and right to education includes the following;

i. The child is born helpless and has to rely entirely on parents and other older members of the society to survive and fulfill his/her growth needs in all their ramifications.

ii. The degree and quality of participation in the life of the society depends to a large extent on the degree and quality of his/ her education. This will enable him/her performs the political and other citizenship duties and exercises the rights pertaining to it effectively.

iii. Since every citizen benefits from the result of the education of his/her fellow citizens and since every generation receives its education from an older generation, every generation has a duty to reciprocateby educating the generation that comes after it.

No nation can afford to toy with the education of her citizens, especially the child, who will be the father or mother of tomorrow because education is the bedrock of all fac0et of development. Children are the future leaders of tomorrow and mothers are guardians of the future, the first aim of every family and society should be to raise healthy and productive individuals who are physically, psychologically, socially and mentally welldeveloped. These can be achieved through proper education ofa child who is the leader of tomorrow.

1.2 Statement of the problem

This research sought to determine the trends and extents of dropout rate of students (especially at the elementary and secondary levels) and its utmost effects on social and educational systems in the North-central part of Nigeria.

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